![]() There are specific candidate genes in these regions that are associated with particular stages in the progression of Ca ex PA. Molecular studies have revealed that the development of Ca ex PA follows a multi-step model of carcinogenesis, with the progressive loss of heterozygosity at chromosomal arms 8q, then 12q and finally 17p. Accurate diagnosis and aggressive surgical management of patients presenting with Ca ex PA can increase their survival rates. Overall, patients with Ca ex PA have a poor prognosis. Treatment for Ca ex PA often involves an ablative surgical procedure which may be followed by radiotherapy. Pathologic assessment is the gold standard for making the diagnosis. ![]() The entity is difficult to diagnose pre-operatively. The proportion of adenoma and carcinoma components determines the macroscopic features of this neoplasm. The most common clinical presentation of CA ex PA is of a firm mass in the parotid gland. This study intends to review the literature and highlight the current clinical and molecular perspectives about this entity. It often poses a diagnostic challenge to clinicians and pathologists. Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (Ca ex PA) is a carcinoma arising from a primary or recurrent benign pleomorphic adenoma.
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